Evidence Against Common Spiritual Claims

A core positive mediumship paper because it explicitly targets cold reading, sitter cueing, experimenter cueing, and fraud as alternative explanations.

Useful as a claimed replication/extension of the 2007 Windbridge-style protocol; still controversial, but much stronger than anecdotal stage mediumship.

The most-cited rigorous test of literal-prediction astrology; the result is null and has not been overturned by subsequent replications.

Useful companion to Carlson's Nature test because it surveys a broader evidence base rather than one double-blind experiment.

Foundational source for the Barnum/Forer effect, a central ordinary-cognition explanation for astrology, tarot, numerology, and psychic readings feeling personally accurate.

Core controlled-evidence source for separating possible relaxation/attention benefits from the unproven claim of transmitted healing energy.

Supports the limited psychological version of manifestation: goals and expectancy can change behavior, not reality itself.

Useful counterweight to manifestation claims: visualization can affect motivation, but fantasy by itself can reduce effort rather than magically produce outcomes.

A compact, famous controlled test of human-energy-field perception, relevant to aura and energy-healing claims even though it targets therapeutic touch rather than Reiki specifically.

Gives the higher-self page a tradition-side psychological source while keeping Jung's Self distinct from a literal external guide.

Useful skeptical source for sacred geometry because golden-ratio myths are a major pathway from real mathematics to metaphysical overclaim.

Pair with 'Astrology and science' for the controlled-study record.