Meta-analysisprimarychallengesVerified

Does psi exist? Lack of replication of an anomalous process of information transfer

Julie Milton, Richard Wiseman · 1999 · Psychological Bulletin, 125(4), 387-391

Spiritual Evidence Map/Last updated May 10, 2026/Claims v1.0.0-provisional/Sources v1.0.0/Scores provisional

Summary

Meta-analysis of post-Bem/Honorton ganzfeld studies reporting failure to replicate the claimed information-transfer effect under comparable conditions.

Why it matters here

The classic skeptical replication counterpoint to Bem and Honorton, useful for keeping ganzfeld pages from presenting a one-sided meta-analytic story.

Linked claims

Evidence score 4/10

Clairvoyance

Often subsumed under remote viewing in modern parapsychology. As an everyday claim, very poorly supported.

Evidence score 5/10

Telepathy

Decades of ganzfeld and card studies report small effects at meta-analytic level. Critics argue methodological flaws explain them.

Related evidence hubs

Topic hub

Psi & Anomalous

Lab-tested claims of telepathy, precognition, remote viewing, and PK.

Evidence pillar

Psi / psychic phenomena

Telepathy, precognition, remote viewing, PK.