Philosophy referenceprimarycontextVerified
Idealism
Paul Guyer, Rolf-Peter Horstmann · 2023 · Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Spiritual Evidence Map/Last updated May 10, 2026/Claims v1.0.0-provisional/Sources v1.0.0/Scores provisional
Summary
Historical and contemporary survey of idealism — the family of views on which reality is fundamentally mental.
Why it matters here
The reference for what 'reality is consciousness' / Berkeleyan / analytic idealism actually claims.
Linked claims
Evidence score 5/10
Consciousness is fundamental
If consciousness is basic, the 'hard problem' dissolves. The cost is a major break with the standard physicalist picture.
Evidence score 3/10
Idealism — reality is mental
From Berkeley to Kastrup: matter is appearance within a more fundamental mind. Coherent, ancient, contested.